高效液相色谱法测定烯草酮合成废液中4-二甲氨基吡啶含量

采用高效液相色谱法测定烯草酮合成废液中4-二甲氨基吡啶含量,使用BDS Hypersil C18不锈钢柱(250mm×4.6mm),以甲醇∶水∶磷酸=60∶39.75∶0.25为流动相,使用紫外检测器,在波长254nm下进行测定。实验测定4-二甲氨基吡啶加标回收率为97.7%,变异系数为3.33%,线性相关系数为0.9994。     

Copper Causes Regiospecific Formation of C4F8‐Containing Six‐Membered Rings and their Defluorination/Aromatization to C4F4‐Containing Rings in Triphenylene/1,4‐C4F8I2 Reactions

The presence of Cu in reactions of triphenylene (TRPH) and 1,4‐C₄F₈I₂ at 360 °C led to regiospecific substitution of TRPH ortho C(β) atoms to form C₄F₈‐containing rings, completely suppressing substitution on C(α) atoms. In addition, Cu caused selective reductive‐defluorination/aromatization (RD/A) to form C₄F₄‐containing aromatic rings. Without Cu, the reactions of TRPH and 1,4‐C₄F₈I₂ were not regiospecific and no RD/A was observed. These results, supported by DFT calculations, are the first examples of Cu‐promoted 1) regiospecific perfluoroannulation, 2) preparative C?F activation, and 3) RD/A. HPLC‐purified products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, low‐temperature PES, and ¹H/¹⁹F NMR.     

依从者平均因果效应的统计推断

本文主要研究临床试验中出现不依从现象时依从子总体的平均因果效应的统计推断。考虑在实际服药状态是二值变量且有相关性,治疗响应变量连续取值的情形,同时考虑协变量对治疗效果有影响的情况下,给出了治疗效果参数的可识别性及近似条件极大似然估计,且构造了记分检验统计量。对特殊模型进行了模拟,结果表明与理论预期一致。     

水质评价涉及的因子权重与定权方法

水质评价涉及属性权与熵权两种权重.熵权表征因子的分类能力,由因子的隶属度向量通过计算信息熵确定.属性权表征因子重要性程度的差异,用途是使不同因子的隶属度具有"可比性",但定权方法众说不一.指出,因子重要性程度差异源于因子属性与因子取值无关,并且表征这种差异等同于对因子接重要性排序.AHP的比例标度判断矩阵为因子排序提供了合理的数据条件,但基于"一致性检验"的特征根排序法受到质疑;FAHP也因没有彻底摆脱"一致性",所以建立的排序方法有局限性.为此,通过标度变换将比例标度转化为评分标度,利用评分标度的可加性把判断矩阵中由评分标度确定的因子的序关系转化为因子排序.由此建立不受"一致性"干扰的定权方法.     

(3S,4S)-4-氨基-3-羟基-6-甲基庚酸的合成

价廉易得的L-亮氨酸先以苄基同时保护氨基及羧基得(S)-2-(二苄胺基)-4-甲基戊酸苄酯,进而在碱性条件下与乙腈发生亲核取代反应得(S)-4-(二苄胺基)-6-甲基-3-氧代庚腈,再经硼氢化钠选择性还原羰基得(3S,4S)-4-(二苄胺基)-3-羟基-6-甲基庚腈,用双氧水氧化得(3S,4S)-4-(二苄胺基)-3-羟基-6-甲基庚酸,最后在Pd(OH)2/C-H2作用下脱掉苄基得到(3S,4S)-4-氨基-3-羟基-6-甲基庚酸,即(3S,4S)-statine。整个合成路线总产率为33.6%。     

轴流压气机势流和尾迹相互干涉叠加效应分析

尾迹与势流的相互作用对压气机叶片表面的压力波动强度和出口的轴向速度分布及波动会产生很大影响。针对两级跨声速轴流压气机,采用数值方法研究两排转子叶片周向相对位置不同情况下,叶片表面压力波动抵消区域位置发生的变化。研究结果表明:转子叶片周向位置的变化会对静子叶片尾迹形态产生影响,会导致叶片表面压力波动抵消区域发生变化。伴随转子叶片周向相对位置的变化,存在上游转子叶片尾迹减缓下游静子叶片尾迹衰减的现象,从而改变了叶片排之间的相互干涉强度,并使叶片表面压力波动强度发生变化。     

地磁对γγ方向角关联测量的影响

在γ-γ角关联实验中,发现能谱中全能峰的位置随探头方位角的改变而变化。本文通过不同的实验,验证了地磁对能谱测量的干扰以及对γ-γ方向角关联测量的影响。发现地磁对测量的影响主要来自光电倍增管,地磁方向与光电倍增管中电子飞行方向的夹角的改变,引起光电倍增管增益变化,最终给γ-γ方向角关联测量带来较大的影响。文中总结了如何减小地磁影响,改进γ-γ方向角关联实验测量的方法。     

Metal complexes as potential modulators of inflammatory and autoimmune responses

Over the past few decades, the realm of inorganic medicinal chemistry has been dominated by the study of the anti-cancer properties of transition metal complexes, particularly those based on platinum or ruthenium. However, comparatively less attention has been focused on the development of metal complexes for the treatment of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Metal complexes possess a number of advantages that render them as attractive alternatives to organic small molecules for the development of therapeutic agents. In this perspective, we highlight recent examples in the development of transition metal complexes as modulators of inflammatory and autoimmune responses. The studies presented here serve to highlight the potential of transition metal complexes in modulating inflammatory or immune pathways in cells.